安装go编译器 
/usr/local/
der@SA:/usr/local$ pwd
/usr/local
der@SA:/usr/local$ ls -l |grep go
drwxr-xr-x 10 der  der  4096 7月  17 06:30 go
  1. 创建go工作目录
cd ~
mkdir GOPATH
cd AOPATH
mkdir src bin

/usr/local/go/bin

关于环境变量配置可参考这篇文章Linux环境变量设置，时间久了容易忘记环境变量的配置，索性留个链接方便以后查看。

~/.bashrc/etc/profilesource /etc/profile&source ~/.bashrc
export GOROOT=/usr/local/go #GOROOT是系统上安装Go软件包的位置。
export GOPATH=/home/limeng/GOPATH #GOPATH是工作目录的位置。
export PATH=$GOPATH/bin:$GOROOT/bin:$PATH
  1. 查看环境变量是否导入
der@SA:/usr/local$ export |grep GO
declare -x GOPATH="/home/der/GOPATH"
declare -x GOROOT="/usr/local/go"
declare -x PATH="/home/der/GOPATH/bin:/usr/local/go/bin:/home/limeng/GOPATH/bin:/usr/local/go/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin"

go
der@SA:~$ go
Go is a tool for managing Go source code.

Usage:

	go <command> [arguments]

The commands are:

	bug         start a bug report
	build       compile packages and dependencies
	clean       remove object files and cached files
	doc         show documentation for package or symbol
	env         print Go environment information
	fix         update packages to use new APIs
	fmt         gofmt (reformat) package sources
	generate    generate Go files by processing source
	get         add dependencies to current module and install them
	install     compile and install packages and dependencies
	list        list packages or modules
	mod         module maintenance
	run         compile and run Go program
	test        test packages
	tool        run specified go tool
	version     print Go version
	vet         report likely mistakes in packages

Use "go help <command>" for more information about a command.

Additional help topics:

	buildmode   build modes
	c           calling between Go and C
	cache       build and test caching
	environment environment variables
	filetype    file types
	go.mod      the go.mod file
	gopath      GOPATH environment variable
	gopath-get  legacy GOPATH go get
	goproxy     module proxy protocol
	importpath  import path syntax
	modules     modules, module versions, and more
	module-get  module-aware go get
	module-auth module authentication using go.sum
	module-private module configuration for non-public modules
	packages    package lists and patterns
	testflag    testing flags
	testfunc    testing functions

Use "go help <topic>" for more information about that topic.
  1. 创建第一个go程序

创建一个.go后缀的文件，输入以下代码

der@SA:~$ cat hello.go 
package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}
  1. 运行第一个go程序
der@SA:~$ go run hello.go 
Hello, World!
安装jetbrains-goland 
/bin./goland.sh
package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}

/usr/local/go

创建快捷方式

/usr/share/applications/Goland.desktop/usr/share/applications/Goland.desktop
der@SA:~$ cat /usr/share/applications/Goland.desktop 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Goland
Comment=Goland IDE
Exec=/home/der/GoLand-2020.1.4/bin/goland.sh #goland的执行路径
Icon=/home/der/GoLand-2020.1.4/bin/goland.png #goland的图标路径
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Encoding=UTF-8