Go 结构体与 JSON 之间的转换

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哈喽大家好，我是陈明勇，今天分享的内容是 Go 结构体 与 JSON 之间的转换。如果本文对你有帮助，不妨点个赞，如果你是 Go 语言初学者，不妨点个关注，一起成长一起进步，如果本文有错误的地方，欢迎指出！

前言

JSONJSONJSONJSON

结构体转 JSON

Marshal(v any) ([]byte, error)vJSON[]byte

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
)

type User struct {
	Name           string
	Age            int
	Height         float64
	Weight         *float64
	Child          bool
	marriageStatus string
}

func main() {
	weight := 120.5
	user := User{
		Name:           "gopher",
		Age:            18,
		Height:         180.5,
		Weight:         &weight,
		Child:          false,
		marriageStatus: "未婚",
	}
	jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(user)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error: ", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println(string(jsonBytes)) // {"Name":"gopher","Age":18,"Height":180.5,"Weight":120.5,"Child":false}
}

{"Name":"gopher","Age":18,"Height":180.5,"Weight":120.5,"Child":false}

JSONkeyGo

JSON

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
)

type User struct {
	Name           string   `json:"name"`
	Age            int      `json:"age"`
	Height         float64  `json:"height"`
	Weight         *float64 `json:"weight"`
	Child          bool     `json:"child"`
	MarriageStatus string   `json:"-"`
}

func main() {
	weight := 120.5
	user := User{
		Name:           "gopher",
		Age:            18,
		Height:         180.5,
		Weight:         &weight,
		Child:          false,
		MarriageStatus: "未婚",
	}
	jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(user)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error: ", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println(string(jsonBytes)) // {"name":"gopher","age":18,"height":180.5,"weight":120.5,"child":false}
}

JSONJSONJSON-JSON

JSON 解析结构体

Unmarshal(data []byte, v any) errorJSON

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
)

type User struct {
	Name           string  `json:"name"`
	Age            int     `json:"age"`
	Height         float64 `json:"height"`
	Child          bool    `json:"-"`
	marriageStatus string
}

func main() {
	userStr := `
	{
	  "name": "gopher",
	  "age": 18,
	  "height": 180.5,
	  "child": true,
	  "marriageStatus": "未婚"
	}
	`
	user := &User{}
	err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(userStr), &user)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error: ", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Printf("%#v", user) // &main.User{Name:"gopher", Age:18, Height:180.5, Child:false, marriageStatus:""}
}

&main.User{Name:"gopher", Age:18, Height:180.5, Child:false, marriageStatus:""}

UnmarshalJSONJSONkeyJSONkeyvalueJSONkeyJSON-

小结

GoJSONJSONkeyJSON-JSONJSON