Web应用程序和框架 - Golang教程网

Jinja2¶

Jinja2 是一个非常受欢迎的模板引擎。

它使用基于文本的模板语言，因此可以用于生成任何类型的标记，而不仅仅是HTML。它允许定制过滤器、标签、测试和全局参数。它比Django的模板系统有很多改进。

以下是jinja2中的一些重要HTML标记：

{# This is a comment #}

{# The next tag is a variable output: #}
{{title}}

{# Tag for a block, can be replaced through inheritance with other html code #}
{% block head %}
<h1>This is the head!</h1>
{% endblock %}

{# Output of an array as an iteration #}
{% for item in list %}
<li>{{ item }}</li>
{% endfor %}

下面的列表是一个结合了Tornado Web服务器的网站示例。龙卷风的使用并不复杂。

# import Jinja2
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader

# import Tornado
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web

# Load template file templates/site.html
TEMPLATE_FILE = "site.html"
templateLoader = FileSystemLoader( searchpath="templates/" )
templateEnv = Environment( loader=templateLoader )
template = templateEnv.get_template(TEMPLATE_FILE)

# List for famous movie rendering
movie_list = [[1,"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy"],[2,"Back to future"],[3,"Matrix"]]

# template.render() returns a string which contains the rendered html
html_output = template.render(list=movie_list,
                        title="Here is my favorite movie list")

# Handler for main page
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        # Returns rendered template string to the browser request
        self.write(html_output)

# Assign handler to the server root  (127.0.0.1:PORT/)
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/", MainHandler),
])
PORT=8884
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Setup the server
    application.listen(PORT)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

base.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html lang="en">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
    <title>{{title}} - My Webpage</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="content">
    {# In the next line the content from the site.html template will be added #}
    {% block content %}{% endblock %}
</div>
<div id="footer">
    {% block footer %}
    &copy; Copyright 2013 by <a href="http://domain.invalid/">you</a>.
    {% endblock %}
</div>
</body>

site.htmlbase.htmlbase.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
    <p class="important">
    <div id="content">
        <h2>{{title}}</h2>
        <p>{{ list_title }}</p>
        <ul>
             {% for item in list %}
             <li>{{ item[0]}} :  {{ item[1]}}</li>
             {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    </div>
    </p>
{% endblock %}

Jinja2是新的python web应用程序的推荐模板库。