导读 | 在 Golang 语言开发中,我们经常会使用结构体类型,如果我们使用的结构体类型的变量包含指针类型的字段,我们在记录日志的时候,指针类型的字段的值是指针地址,将会给我们 debug 代码造成不便 |
在Golang中有原生的 fmt 格式化工具去打印结构体,可以通过占位符%v、%+v、%#v去实现,这3种的区别如下所示:
type User struct { Name string Age int } func main() { user := User{ Name: "张三", Age: 95, } fmt.Printf("%v\n", user) fmt.Printf("%+v\n", user) fmt.Printf("%#v\n", user) }
打印结果如下所示:
{张三 95} {Name:张三 Age:95} main.User{Name:"张三", Age:95}
其中的区别:
type Dog struct { Name string Age int } type User struct { Name string Age int Dog *Dog } func main() { dog := Dog{ Name: "旺财", Age: 2, } user := User{ Name: "张三", Age: 95, Dog: &dog, } fmt.Println(user) fmt.Printf("%v\n", user) fmt.Printf("%+v\n", user) fmt.Printf("%#v\n", user) }
{张三 95 0xc000004078} {Name:张三 Age:95 Dog:0xc000004078} main.User{Name:"张三", Age:95, Dog:(*main.Dog)(0xc000004078)}
// Stringer is implemented by any value that has a String method, // which defines the ``native'' format for that value. // The String method is used to print values passed as an operand // to any format that accepts a string or to an unformatted printer // such as Print. type Stringer interface { String() string }
func (d *Dog) String() string { return "{\"name" + "\": \"" + d.Name + "\"," + "\"" + "age\": \"" + strconv.Itoa(d.Age) + "\"}" } func (u *User) String() string { return "{\"name" + "\": \"" + u.Name + "\", \"" + "age\": \"" + strconv.Itoa(u.Age) + "\", \"dog\": " + u.Dog.String() + "}" }
{张三 95 {"name": "旺财","age": "2"}} {Name:张三 Age:95 Dog:{"name": "旺财","age": "2"}} main.User{Name:"张三", Age:95, Dog:(*main.Dog)(0xc000004078)}
// GoStringer is implemented by any value that has a GoString method, // which defines the Go syntax for that value. // The GoString method is used to print values passed as an operand // to a %#v format. type GoStringer interface { GoString() string } The GoString method is used to print values passed as an operand to a %#v format. (GoString 方法用于打印作为操作数传递给 %#v 格式的值)
func (d *Dog) GoString() string { return "{\"name" + "\": \"" + d.Name + "\"," + "\"" + "age\": \"" + strconv.Itoa(d.Age) + "\"}" } func (u *User) GoString() string { return "{\"name" + "\": \"" + u.Name + "\", \"" + "age\": \"" + strconv.Itoa(u.Age) + "\", \"dog\": " + u.Dog.String() + "}" }
{张三 95 {"name": "旺财","age": "2"}} {Name:张三 Age:95 Dog:{"name": "旺财","age": "2"}} main.User{Name:"张三", Age:95, Dog:{"name": "旺财","age": "2"}}
func main() { dog := Dog{ Name: "旺财", Age: 2, } user := User{ Name: "张三", Age: 95, Dog: &dog, } byteUser, _ := json.Marshal(&user) fmt.Println(string(byteUser)) }
{"Name":"张三","Age":95,"Dog":{"Name":"旺财","Age":2}}